The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.
